JD.com's cost expenditures in various aspects increased by 57.4 billion yuan year-on-year. Among them, JD.com's operating costs increased by 49.7 billion yuan to 222.1 billion yuan, an increase of 28.8% from 172.4 billion yuan in the same period last year.

In terms of other expenses, JD.com's fulfillment expenses in the second quarter increased by 2.6 billion yuan year-on-year, marketing expenses increased by 3.8 billion yuan year-on-year, R&D expenses increased by 100 million yuan year-on-year, and administrative expenses increased by 1.2 billion yuan year-on-year. JD.com mentioned in its financial report that fulfillment costs mainly include procurement, warehousing, distribution, customer service and payment processing expenses, and the increase in administrative expenses is due to the increase in equity incentive expenses.