Sino-foreign joint ventures are also called equity joint ventures. They are established in China by foreign companies, enterprises and other economic organizations or individuals and Chinese companies, enterprises or other economic organizations, in accordance with Chinese laws and administrative regulations, with the approval of the Chinese government, and are jointly invested and operated by both parties, and share risks and profits and losses in accordance with their respective investment ratios.

1 Foreign companies include multinational corporations, foreign-invested enterprises, wholly foreign-owned enterprises, etc.

2 Multinational companies refer to companies with businesses in multiple countries, usually with high visibility, scale and strength, such as Apple, Microsoft, Google, etc. Foreign-invested enterprises refer to enterprises invested and established by foreign companies in China, such as Lenovo, Haier, Huawei, etc. Wholly foreign-owned enterprises refer to enterprises independently operated by foreign companies in China, such as Coca-Cola, McDonald's, Nike, etc.

3 In China, foreign companies are involved in a wide range of industries, covering manufacturing, services, finance, technology, education and other fields.

Foreign enterprises are companies that have independent external funding and operation. The foreign enterprises I know of include Standard Chartered Bank and Citibank in the financial sector, Yum! Brands in the catering sector, which owns KFC, Pizza Hut, and Taco Bell, and UPS in the logistics sector.

Foreign enterprises include: SAIC Volkswagen Automotive Co., Ltd., Konka Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou Honda Automobile Co., Ltd., Xi'an Janssen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Sony (China) Co., Ltd., Chongqing Jianshe Yamaha Motorcycle Co., Ltd., Chongqing Qinglong Fine Strontium Salt Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.

1. Representative foreign companies in the Internet industry: Microsoft, Amazon, Google, Apple Paypal, Shopee, etc.

2. Representative foreign companies in electronic technology: Siemens, Philips, Schneider, Samsung Electronics, Nvidia, Intel, etc.

3. Representative foreign companies in automobile manufacturing: Tesla, Mercedes-Benz, Audi, BMW, Ford China, Dongfeng Nissan, etc.

4. Representative foreign companies in luxury goods: L'Oreal, Estee Lauder, LVMH, Chanel, Kering Group, etc.