Amazon's e-commerce operation model is as follows:

1. There must be a high-quality and large database.

2. There must be unique book reviews.

3. There must be comprehensive and thoughtful services, from rich search channels, flexible marketing methods, to reliable payment methods and logistics distribution methods.

4. Do a good job in brand publicity and advertising.

5. Build a marketing network all over the world for a long time.

6. Increase revenue and reduce expenditure.