The investment-to-output ratio is calculated as follows: investment-to-output ratio = output amount / investment amount. When the investment-to-output ratio is greater than 1, it indicates that the company is profitable, and the profit amount = product amount minus the investment amount = a positive value. When the investment-to-output ratio is less than 1, it indicates that the company is losing money, and the loss amount = output amount minus the investment amount = a negative value.

When the investment-to-output ratio is equal to 1, it indicates that the company is breaking even, and the profit (or loss) is 0.