Thank you for the invitation. The Amazon rainforest in South America is the largest tropical rainforest natural zone in the world, with a total area of ​​more than 5.5 million square kilometers. It has dense vegetation and rich species, and is the most diverse region in the world. The Sahara Desert in northern Africa is the largest tropical desert natural zone in the world, with a total area of ​​more than 9 million square kilometers. It is full of yellow sand and barren surface, and is one of the most difficult areas for organisms to survive in the world.

The Amazon rainforest and the Sahara Desert are the two extremes of the ecological environment on the surface of the earth, and this is also true in terms of climate. The Amazon rainforest is the largest "tropical rainforest climate" distribution area in the world, while the Sahara Desert is the largest "tropical desert climate" distribution area in the world. The climates of the two regions have both similarities and huge differences. The similarity is that both regions have high temperatures all year round. The difference is that the annual precipitation in the Amazon rainforest is more than 2,000 mm, making it one of the regions with the richest annual precipitation in the world; while the annual precipitation in the Sahara Desert is less than 50 mm, making it one of the regions with the least annual precipitation in the world.

Why is the climate difference between the "Amazon rainforest" and the "Sahara Desert" so huge? The main reason for this phenomenon is that the two regions are located at different latitudes, resulting in different atmospheric circulations. The Amazon rainforest region in South America is mainly located between 10° north and south latitude, near the equator, and is controlled by the equatorial low pressure belt all year round. Updrafts prevail, there are many convective rains, and the precipitation is abundant. In addition, the Amazon Plain is located on the north, south, and southwest sides of the area with higher terrain. The trade wind belt will transport water vapor from the Atlantic Ocean from east to west, further increasing the precipitation in the Amazon rainforest region.

The Sahara Desert in northern Africa is located between 15° and 30° north latitude in terms of latitude. The Tropic of Cancer passes through the middle of the Sahara Desert. It is controlled by the subtropical high-pressure belt all year round, with prevailing downward airflow and little precipitation. In addition, the region is also affected by the northeast trade winds, which come from the Eurasian land area, so it is also very dry. Coupled with the cooling and dehumidifying effects of the Canary Current along the coast, the degree of drought in the western coastal areas has been further aggravated.