巨骨舌鱼(学名:Arapaima gigas):是辐鳍鱼纲、骨舌鱼目、巨骨舌鱼属的物种,亦称海象鱼。成鱼体长可达2-6米,重可达100千克。体形巨大,长形,稍侧扁。头部骨骼由游离的板状骨组成。口大,无须。无下颌骨,舌上有坚固发达的牙齿。鳔四周富有血管,内表呈蜂窝状,常有特殊的鳃上器。鳞片大且硬,呈嵌镶状。背鳍和臀鳍位于体的后部,互为相对。胸鳍位低。腹鳍位腹部之后。尾鳍圆形。体灰绿色,背部颜色深,腹部较淡,尾鳍及体后部红色。
雀鳝是雀鳝科(Lepisosteidae)雀鳝属(Lepisosteus)的大型鱼类的统称,产于北美或中美等地。与弓鳍鱼近缘,同隶于全骨总目(Holostei)。主要栖于淡水,但有的种类可进入半咸水甚至咸水。有锐利牙齿,是大型凶猛鱼类,肉食性。雀鳝肉可以食用,但卵有毒。在中国上海、重庆、韶关等地,雀鳝作为外来入侵物种,对当地其他鱼类构成极大威胁,有可能会破坏当地的生态系统。
Arapaima (scientific name: Arapaima gigas): It is a species of Arapaima, Osteoglossi, Actinopterygii, also known as walrus fish. Adult fish can reach 2-6 meters in length and weigh up to 100 kilograms. It has a huge, long, and slightly flattened body. The head skeleton is composed of free plate-like bones. The mouth is large and has no whiskers. There is no mandible, and there are strong and developed teeth on the tongue. The swim bladder is surrounded by rich blood vessels, the inner surface is honeycomb-shaped, and there are often special branchial organs. The scales are large and hard, inlaid. The dorsal fin and anal fin are located at the back of the body, opposite to each other. The pectoral fins are low. The pelvic fins are behind the abdomen. The tail fin is round. The body is gray-green, the back is dark, the abdomen is lighter, and the tail fin and the back of the body are red.
Gar is a general term for large fish of the genus Lepisosteus in the family Lepisosteidae, found in North America or Central America. It is closely related to bowfin fish and belongs to the order Holostei. It mainly lives in fresh water, but some species can enter brackish water or even salt water. It has sharp teeth and is a large, ferocious fish that is carnivorous. Gar meat is edible, but its eggs are poisonous. In Shanghai, Chongqing, Shaoguan and other places in China, gar, as an alien invasive species, poses a great threat to other local fish and may destroy the local ecosystem.
The differences between Arapaima and Alligator Gar are as follows;
1. Different families
Arapaima is a fish belonging to the genus Osteoglossidae of the family Osteoglossidae, while Alligator Gar is a fish belonging to the genus Osteoglossidae of the family Garidae.
2. Different origins
Arapaima is native to the Amazon River Basin in South America, and is mainly distributed in Brazil and other places. Alligator Gar is native to North America, and is mainly distributed in the rivers and estuaries along the Gulf of Mexico from Mexico to Florida, the United States, the lower reaches of the Missouri River and the Ohio River, and even two lakes in Nicaragua.
3. Different body shapes
Arapaima has a long streamlined body shape, with a slightly flattened body, while Alligator Gar has a slender body shape, hard scales, and a long crocodile-like big mouth.
They are from different families and species. The Arapaima is long and large, while the Gar has a long mouth and many teeth.