中国台湾、广东、广西、海南等地区盛产菠萝。
广东省菠萝栽培面积较大,产量较多,产地集中在汕头、湛江、江门等地区及广州市郊。
广西主产区在南宁、武鸣、邕宁、宁明、博白等县市。
菠萝有它自己的特殊生长习性。绝大多数菠萝具有莲座状叶丛。叶丛基部形成一个能蓄水的叶筒。这类菠萝生长发育所需的水分,不是贮存于叶肉内,而是贮存于簇生叶丛中央生长点处所自然形成的凹槽内,生长季节除需经常浇水以保持盆土湿润外,还必须经常往叶筒内浇水,使叶筒内贮有充足的水分,这样才能使其茁壮生长,这是凤梨的一种特殊习性。
菠萝原产南美洲热带高温干旱地区,生长在半荫的热带雨林,性喜温暖,较耐阴,由于长期人工栽培驯化而对光照要求增加,充足的光照下生长良好、果实含糖量高、品质佳。
光照不足则生长缓慢、果实含酸量高、品质差。但光照过强、加上高温,叶片变成红黄色,果实也易灼伤。
菠萝对土壤的适应性较广,由于根系浅生好气,故以疏松、排水良好、富含有机质的土质最好,瘠瘦、粘重、排水不良的土壤以及地下水位高均不利菠萝生长。
菠萝矮生,风害直接影响较小,3级以下的风还有利于呼吸作用。强台风、大风也会吹倒植株、吹断果柄、扭折叶片,影响正常的生长发育;冬季冷风冷雨又会造成烂心。
菠萝介绍:
菠萝是热带水果,新马一带称为黄梨,大陆及香港称作菠萝。有70多个品种,岭南四大名果之一。
菠萝原产于南美洲巴西、巴拉圭的亚马逊河流域一带,16世纪从巴西传入中国。 现在已经流传到整个热带地区。其可食部分主要由肉质增大之花序轴、螺旋状排列于外周的花组成,花通常不结实,宿存的花被裂片围成一空腔,腔内藏有萎缩的雄蕊和花柱。叶的纤维甚坚韧,可供织物、制绳、结网和造纸。凤梨与菠萝在生物学上是同一种水果。
Pineapples are rich in Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan and other regions in China.
Guangdong Province has a large pineapple cultivation area and a large output. The production areas are concentrated in Shantou, Zhanjiang, Jiangmen and other regions and the suburbs of Guangzhou.
The main production areas in Guangxi are in Nanning, Wuming, Yongning, Ningming, Bobai and other counties and cities.
Pineapples have their own special growth habits. Most pineapples have rosette-shaped leaves. A leaf tube that can store water is formed at the base of the leaf cluster. The water required for the growth and development of this type of pineapple is not stored in the leaf flesh, but in the naturally formed groove at the central growth point of the clustered leaf cluster. In addition to frequent watering to keep the pot soil moist during the growing season, it is also necessary to frequently water the leaf tube so that there is sufficient water stored in the leaf tube so that it can thrive. This is a special habit of pineapples.
Pineapple is native to the tropical hot and arid areas of South America. It grows in semi-shaded tropical rainforests. It likes warmth and is relatively shade-tolerant. Due to long-term artificial cultivation and domestication, it has increased its light requirements. It grows well under sufficient light, and the fruit has high sugar content and good quality.
Insufficient light will lead to slow growth, high acid content in the fruit, and poor quality. However, if the light is too strong and the temperature is high, the leaves will turn red and yellow, and the fruit will be easily burned.
Pineapple has a wide adaptability to soil. Because the root system is shallow and aerobic, loose, well-drained, and rich in organic matter soil is the best. Lean, heavy, poorly drained soil and high groundwater level are not conducive to the growth of pineapples.
Pineapples are dwarfs, and wind damage has little direct impact. Winds below level 3 are also conducive to respiration. Strong typhoons and strong winds can also blow down plants, break fruit stalks, and twist leaves, affecting normal growth and development; cold winds and cold rains in winter can cause heart rot.
Introduction to pineapple:
Pineapple is a tropical fruit, called yellow pear in Singapore and Malaysia, and called pineapple in mainland China and Hong Kong. There are more than 70 varieties, one of the four famous fruits in Lingnan.
Pineapple is native to the Amazon River Basin in Brazil and Paraguay in South America, and was introduced to China from Brazil in the 16th century. Now it has spread to the entire tropical region. Its edible part is mainly composed of the fleshy enlarged inflorescence axis and the flowers arranged spirally on the periphery. The flowers are usually not solid, and the persistent perianth lobes form a cavity, which contains atrophied stamens and pistils. The fiber of the leaves is very tough and can be used for weaving, rope making, netting and papermaking. Pineapple and pineapple are the same fruit biologically.
Taiwan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.
Located at the southernmost tip of the mainland of China, Xuwen, Guangdong, faces Hainan across the sea. It is known as the "Hometown of Chinese Pineapples" and is currently the largest pineapple production area in China. The Xuwen pineapple industry began in 1926, with a history of nearly 100 years.
"Look at Guangdong for Chinese pineapples, and look at Xuwen for Guangdong pineapples; 3 out of 10 pineapples in the country come from Xuwen."