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Does Amazon have its own logistics company? How does it deliver goods?

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亚马逊目前没有自己的物流公司,亚马逊的物流模式是:

1. 在配送模式的选择上采取外包的方式。在电子商务中亚马逊将其国内的配送业务委托给美国邮政和UPS,将国际物流委托给国际海运公司等专业物流公司,自己则集中精力去发展主营和核心业务。这样可以减少投资,降低经营风险,又能充分利用专业物流公司的优势,节约物流成本。

2. 将库存控制在最低水平,实行零库存运转。亚马逊通过与供应商建立良好的合作关系,实现了对库存的有效控制。亚马逊公司的库存图书很少,维持库存的只有200种最受欢迎的畅销书。一般情况下,亚马逊是在顾客买书下了订单后,才从出版商那里进货。购书者以信用卡向亚马逊公司支付书款,而亚马逊却在图书售出46天后才向出版商付款,这就使得它的资金周转比传统书店要顺畅得多。由于保持了低库存,亚马逊的库存周转速度很快,并且从2001年以来越来越快。

3. 降低退货比率。虽然亚马逊经营的商品种类很多,但由于对商品品种选择适当,价格合理,商品质量和配送服务等能满足顾客需要,所以保持了很低的退货比率。极低的退货比率不仅减少了企业的退货成本,也保持了较高的顾客服务水平并取得良好的商业信誉。

4. 为邮局发送商品提供便利,减少送货成本。在送货中亚马逊采取一种被称之为“邮政注入”减少送货成本。所谓“邮政注入”就是使用自己的货车或由独立的承运人将整卡车的订购商品从亚马逊的仓库送到当地邮局的库房,再由邮局向顾客送货。这样就可以免除邮局对商品的处理程序和步骤,为邮局发送商品提供便利条件,也为自己节省了资金。据一家与亚马逊合作的送货公司估计,靠此种“邮政注入”方式节省的资金相当于头等邮件普通价格的5%-17%,十分可观。

5. 根据不同商品类别建立不同的配送中心,提高配送中心作业效率。亚马逊的配送中心按商品类别设立,不同的商品由不同的配送中心进行配送。这样做有利于提高配送中心的专业化作业程度,使作业组织简单化、规范化,既能提高配送中心作业的效率,又可降低配送中心的管理和运转费用。

6. 采取“组合包装”技术,扩大运输批量。当顾客在亚马逊的网站上确认订单后,就可以立即看到亚马逊销售系统根据顾客所订商品发出的是否有现货,以及选择的发运方式、估计的发货日期和送货日期等信息。如前所述,亚马逊根据商品类别建立不同配送中心,从位于美国不同地点的不同的配送中心发出。由于亚马逊的配送中心只保持少量的库存,所以在接到顾客订货后,亚马逊需要查询配送中心的库存,如果配送中心没有现货,就要向供应商订货。因此会造成同一张订单上商品有的可以立即发货,有的则需要等待。为了节省顾客等待的时间,亚马逊建议顾客在订货时不要将需要等待的商品和有现货的商品放在同一张订单中。这样在发运时,承运人就可以将来自不同顾客、相同类别、而且配送中心也有现货的商品配装在同一货车内发运,从而缩短顾客订货后的等待时间,也扩大了运输批量,提高运输效率,降低运输成本。亚马逊公司(Amazon,简称亚马逊;NASDAQ:AMZN),是美国最大的一家网络电子商务公司,位于华盛顿州的西雅图。是网络上最早开始经营电子商务的公司之一,亚马逊成立于1995年,一开始只经营网络的书籍销售业务,现在则扩及了范围相当广的其他产品,已成为全球商品品种最多的网上零售商和全球第二大互联网企业,在公司名下,也包括了AlexaInternet、a9、lab126、和互联网电影数据库(Internet Movie Database,IMDB)等子公司。

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电商老兵

我们唯一且一辈子要做的事,就是告诉你电商这点事

Amazon currently does not have its own logistics company. Amazon's logistics model is:

1. Outsourcing is adopted in the selection of distribution models. In e-commerce, Amazon entrusts its domestic distribution business to the United States Postal Service and UPS, and entrusts international logistics to professional logistics companies such as international shipping companies, while focusing on developing its main and core businesses. This can reduce investment, reduce operating risks, and make full use of the advantages of professional logistics companies to save logistics costs.

2. Keep inventory at a minimum level and implement zero inventory operation. Amazon has achieved effective control of inventory by establishing a good cooperative relationship with suppliers. Amazon has very few books in stock, and only 200 of the most popular bestsellers are maintained in stock. Generally speaking, Amazon purchases books from publishers after customers place orders. Book buyers pay Amazon for books with credit cards, but Amazon pays publishers 46 days after the books are sold, which makes its capital turnover much smoother than traditional bookstores. Because of the low inventory, Amazon's inventory turnover is very fast, and it has been getting faster and faster since 2001.

3. Reduce the return rate. Although Amazon sells a wide variety of goods, it has maintained a very low return rate because of the appropriate selection of goods, reasonable prices, and the quality and delivery services that meet customer needs. The extremely low return rate not only reduces the company's return costs, but also maintains a high level of customer service and obtains a good business reputation.

4. Provide convenience for the post office to send goods and reduce delivery costs. In delivery, Amazon adopts a method called "postal injection" to reduce delivery costs. The so-called "postal injection" is to use its own trucks or independent carriers to send a truckload of ordered goods from Amazon's warehouse to the warehouse of the local post office, and then the post office delivers the goods to the customer. In this way, the post office can be exempted from the procedures and steps for handling goods, providing convenient conditions for the post office to send goods, and saving money for itself. According to an estimate by a delivery company that cooperates with Amazon, the money saved by this "postal injection" method is equivalent to 5%-17% of the normal price of first-class mail, which is very considerable.

5. Establish different distribution centers according to different commodity categories to improve the efficiency of distribution center operations. Amazon's distribution centers are set up according to commodity categories, and different commodities are distributed by different distribution centers. This is conducive to improving the degree of professional operation of distribution centers, simplifying and standardizing the operation organization, and can not only improve the efficiency of distribution center operations, but also reduce the management and operation costs of distribution centers.

6. Adopt "combination packaging" technology to expand transportation batches. When customers confirm the order on Amazon's website, they can immediately see whether the Amazon sales system has the goods ordered by the customer, as well as the selected shipping method, estimated shipping date and delivery date. As mentioned above, Amazon establishes different distribution centers according to commodity categories and sends them from different distribution centers located in different locations in the United States. Since Amazon's distribution centers only maintain a small amount of inventory, Amazon needs to check the inventory of the distribution center after receiving the customer's order. If the distribution center does not have stock, it will place an order with the supplier. Therefore, some products on the same order can be shipped immediately, while others need to wait. In order to save customers' waiting time, Amazon recommends that customers do not put products that need to be waited for and products that are in stock in the same order when ordering. In this way, when shipping, the carrier can load products from different customers, of the same category, and also in stock at the distribution center, into the same truck for shipment, thereby shortening the waiting time after the customer orders, expanding the transportation batch, improving transportation efficiency, and reducing transportation costs. Amazon (Amazon, referred to as Amazon; NASDAQ: AMZN) is the largest online e-commerce company in the United States, located in Seattle, Washington. It is one of the earliest companies to start e-commerce on the Internet. Amazon was founded in 1995. At the beginning, it only operated online book sales business. Now it has expanded to a wide range of other products. It has become the world's online retailer with the most product varieties and the world's second largest Internet company. Under the company's name, it also includes subsidiaries such as AlexaInternet, a9, lab126, and Internet Movie Database (IMDB).

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