鹤古镇
“鹤皋风景赛姑苏”,鸣鹤古镇,位于宁波慈溪市观海卫镇南部。
千年古镇,物华天宝、人杰地灵,是慈溪市目前唯一的省级历史文化名镇。古镇依山成街、因河成镇、镇边有寺,渔耕人家枕河而居。
鸣鹤古镇始建于唐开元年间,迄今已有1200年,为历史文化保护区。据史料记载,虞世南的先祖虞耸,曾在这里建造过测天楼。其侄虞喜,利用这一高楼发现“岁差”,为中国古代科学家对世界天文学的一大贡献,也是历史上的伟大成果。
据地方志记载,唐元和年间,乡人虞九皋﹙字鸣鹤﹚,在京都长安高中进士,却不幸病逝,乡人为纪念他以及虞氏家族的贡献,称其故里为鸣鹤。迄今已有1200年历史,现为省级历史文化保护区。
和国內其他古镇依河而建不同,鸣鹤古镇依白洋湖而建,紧临五磊山,是名副其实的山水古镇。依山成街,因河成镇,镇边有寺。如今未过度商业开发,游览古镇没有门票,和过多的游客,幽静而美丽,尤其值得一游。
鸣鹤古镇主要有三条长街组成,分别为上街,中街,下街,以中街最盛,它曾是鸣鹤的精华,承载了千年来古镇的所有辉煌,长约1500米,是昔日三北历史上的商肆繁华之地。民国初年,鸣鹤古镇是慈溪重要的“三白”(棉花、白布、大米)集散地。当时停泊在街河的船只多达200多余只。今日老街,虽没有昔日的繁华,但仍能领略古镇风韵。
历史上,鸣鹤古镇商贸比较发达,是棉花、白布、大米的集散地。老街长一里许,古风犹存,店铺民居枕河而筑,河上有七座古石桥,其中陡塘、运河、沙滩桥系慈溪市级文物保护单位。
2 方家河头村
方家河头古村,是目前慈溪市最有名的一处古村落文化遗产,三面被灵绪山环抱,地势南高北低,溪涧环村流泻,地下水脉畅盈,遍村古木成荫,踏入“河头”之境,山水之灵气萦人。
河头村位于龙山镇范市南部,东临黄杨岙村,与宁波雅戈尔达蓬山旅游度假区仅2公里,行政区域1.2平方公里。
2003年,河头村以“水秀、树古、明清遗迹众多”而被命名为第一批慈溪市级历史文化保护区。河头村村民以方姓为主。相传,明嘉靖年间,河头方姓祖先迁居于此,渐成当地望族,因此古村亦称“方家河头”。
“老”是河头村的一个基本气质,这“老”与衰老无关,树老叶新,井老水清。现在还有人居住着,村子里一口口井,一屋屋的矮方,白色的外墙都昭示着村子的历史。诸多的老宅至今还住着人,灰墙里黑瓦下,晾着衣、烧着饭,满满都是生活的气息,恍如新旧的时空交错。
3 山下村
山下村地处慈溪市龙山镇,是伏龙山景区、国家级文保单位—虞氏名居的所在地。
虞氏旧宅是虞洽卿赴上海经商发迹后在家乡营造的私宅,是中国近代建筑中西合璧的成功范例,是研究近代“宁波帮”代表人物、中国近代经济金融史重要人物虞洽卿的历史实物。虞氏旧宅名“天叙堂”,取“叙天伦之乐”之意,于2001年6月被国务院公布为第五批全国重点文物保护单位。
另村内建有百年之久的树滋堂、继进堂旧宅保存完整。百年万顺酿造厂的传统酿造工序流传至今,是三北地区唯一保存较好且仍运营的近代工商业遗存。
He Ancient Town
"Hegao's scenery is as good as Gusu", Minghe Ancient Town, located in the south of Guanhaiwei Town, Cixi City, Ningbo.
The thousand-year-old ancient town is rich in natural resources and has outstanding people. It is the only provincial historical and cultural town in Cixi City. The ancient town is built on the mountain and the town is built on the river. There is a temple on the edge of the town, and fishermen and farmers live by the river.
Minghe Ancient Town was first built during the Kaiyuan period of the Tang Dynasty. It has been 1,200 years old and is a historical and cultural protection area. According to historical records, Yu Shinan's ancestor Yu Song once built a astronomical tower here. His nephew Yu Xi used this high tower to discover the "precession of the equinoxes", which was a great contribution of ancient Chinese scientists to world astronomy and a great achievement in history.
According to local chronicles, during the Yuanhe period of the Tang Dynasty, a fellow villager named Yu Jiugao (Zi Minghe) passed the imperial examination in Chang'an, the capital, but unfortunately died of illness. In order to commemorate his and the Yu family's contributions, the villagers called his hometown Minghe. It has a history of 1,200 years and is now a provincial historical and cultural protection area.
Unlike other ancient towns in China that were built along the river, Minghe Ancient Town was built along Baiyang Lake and close to Wulei Mountain. It is a veritable mountain and water ancient town. The street was built along the mountain, the town was built because of the river, and there is a temple on the edge of the town. Today, there is no excessive commercial development. There are no tickets to visit the ancient town, and there are too many tourists. It is quiet and beautiful, especially worth a visit.
Minghe Ancient Town is mainly composed of three long streets, namely Shangjie, Zhongjie, and Xiajie. Zhongjie is the most prosperous. It was once the essence of Minghe and carried all the glory of the ancient town for thousands of years. It is about 1,500 meters long and was a prosperous place for business in the history of the three northern regions. In the early years of the Republic of China, Minghe Ancient Town was an important distribution center for the "three whites" (cotton, white cloth, and rice) in Cixi. At that time, there were more than 200 ships moored in the street river. Today, although the old street is not as prosperous as it was in the past, you can still appreciate the charm of the ancient town.
Historically, Minghe Ancient Town had a relatively developed trade and was a distribution center for cotton, white cloth, and rice. The old street is about one mile long, and the ancient style still exists. Shops and houses are built along the river. There are seven ancient stone bridges on the river, among which the steep pond, the canal, and the beach bridge are Cixi city-level cultural relics protection units.
2 Fangjiahetou Village
Fangjiahetou Ancient Village is currently the most famous ancient village cultural heritage in Cixi City. It is surrounded by Lingxu Mountain on three sides. The terrain is high in the south and low in the north. Streams flow around the village, the groundwater veins are smooth, and the village is shaded by ancient trees. Stepping into the "Hetou" realm, the spiritual energy of mountains and rivers lingers.
Hetou Village is located in the south of Fanshi, Longshan Town, and is adjacent to Huangyangao Village in the east. It is only 2 kilometers away from Ningbo Yagerda Pengshan Tourist Resort, and the administrative area is 1.2 square kilometers.
In 2003, Hetou Village was named the first batch of Cixi City-level Historical and Cultural Protection Areas for its "beautiful water, ancient trees, and numerous relics of the Ming and Qing Dynasties". The villagers of Hetou Village are mainly surnamed Fang. According to legend, during the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the ancestors of the Fang family of Hetou moved here and gradually became a local prominent family. Therefore, the ancient village is also called "Fangjia Hetou".
"Old" is a basic temperament of Hetou Village. This "old" has nothing to do with aging. The old leaves of the trees are new, and the water of the wells is clear. There are still people living there. The wells, the short squares, and the white exterior walls in the village all indicate the history of the village. Many old houses are still inhabited by people. Under the black tiles in the gray walls, clothes are hung and meals are cooked. It is full of the breath of life, as if the old and new time and space are intertwined.
3 Shanxia Village
Shanxia Village is located in Longshan Town, Cixi City. It is the location of the Fulongshan Scenic Area and the national cultural relic protection unit - Yu's Residence.
The old house of Yu's family is a private house built by Yu Qiaqing in his hometown after he went to Shanghai to do business and made a fortune. It is a successful example of the combination of Chinese and Western architecture in modern Chinese architecture. It is a historical object for studying Yu Qiaqing, a representative figure of the modern "Ningbo Gang" and an important figure in China's modern economic and financial history. The old house of Yu's family is named "Tianxu Hall", which means "the joy of family", and was announced by the State Council as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units in June 2001.
In addition, the century-old Shuzitang and Jijintang old houses in the village are well preserved. The traditional brewing process of the century-old Wanshun Brewing Factory has been passed down to this day. It is the only modern industrial and commercial relic in the Three Norths that is well preserved and still in operation.