《一千零一夜》(又译作《天方夜谭》)。
《一千零一夜》(又译作《天方夜谭》)是在民间传说基础上,经过累代市井艺人和文士学者提炼、加工、编纂而成的故事集。这些故事来源于印度、阿拉伯和埃及。
《一千零一夜》以朴素的现实主义和奇幻的浪漫主义手法,生动地描绘了中古阿拉伯的历史面貌。它真切地反映了中近东国家的社会制度、风土人情、宗教信仰,可谓穆斯林世界现实生活的百科全书。
《阿里巴巴和四十大盗》是这部世界文学名著中流传最为广泛的一篇。童话故事中的阿里巴巴本是个一贫如洗的樵夫,偶然发现了强盗集团贮藏珍宝的山洞,还掌握进洞取宝的秘诀(“芝麻开门”),然而他并不将珍宝据为己有。但是强盗则千方百计要将他除掉以绝隐患。在聪明的女仆麦尔佳娜帮助下,他化险为夷,战胜了强盗。整个故事最动人、最有光彩、印象最深刻的人物形象就是麦尔佳娜。她心明眼亮,洞察强盗的阴谋,镇定自若,机智地用滚油烫死躲在油桶内的强盗,并勇敢地手刃了盗首。这是全故事中最精彩的情节。麦尔佳娜是蕴藏着无穷智慧和勇敢的劳动人民的象征; 她的美德和功勋放射着夺目的光辉。
One Thousand and One Nights (also translated as "Arabian Nights").
One Thousand and One Nights (also translated as "Arabian Nights") is a collection of stories based on folk legends, which have been refined, processed and compiled by generations of market artists and scholars. These stories originated from India, Arabia and Egypt.
One Thousand and One Nights vividly depicts the historical appearance of medieval Arabia with simple realism and fantastic romanticism. It truly reflects the social system, customs and religious beliefs of the Middle East countries, and can be regarded as an encyclopedia of real life in the Muslim world.
Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves is the most widely circulated piece of this world literary masterpiece. In the fairy tale, Ali Baba was originally a poor woodcutter who accidentally discovered a cave where a robber group stored treasures. He also mastered the secret of entering the cave to get the treasures ("Open Sesame"), but he did not take the treasures for himself. But the robbers tried every means to get rid of him to eliminate the hidden danger. With the help of the clever maid Meljana, he escaped danger and defeated the robbers. The most moving, brilliant and impressive character in the whole story is Meljana. She is smart and insightful, sees through the robbers' conspiracy, remains calm, and cleverly uses boiling oil to scald the robber hiding in the oil barrel, and bravely cuts off the robber's head. This is the most exciting plot in the whole story. Meljana is a symbol of the working people who are full of infinite wisdom and courage; her virtues and merits radiate dazzling brilliance.
Alibaba and the Forty Thieves is a world-famous folk story from One Thousand and One Nights and Arabian Nights. The author is an Arab.