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What are the advantages and disadvantages of SaaS?

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SaaS(软件服务化)具有很多优势,如成本低、部署迅速、定价灵活,但在审计和法规遵从以及与企业已有方案的整合上也有其弱点,企业选择SaaS时对这些优缺点要全面认识。

软件服务化(Software as a Service,SaaS)让用户可以通过互联网使用实时运行的软件,由于这种软件具有很多Web 2.0的特点,能给用户带来极其丰富的体验,而且节约了用户的投资,在软件市场上很流行。Gartner和Forrester等研究公司都认为,SaaS是IT行业发展速度最快的领域之一。SaaS的拥护者也声称,SaaS为企业实现经营目标提供了传统套装应用软件之外的一种选择,它具有的成本效益比后者高得多。如今,包括雅虎、Google、电子港湾(eBay)、亚马逊、Salesforce.com等在内的很多知名供应商都提供SaaS的解决方案。其中雅虎、Google、电子港湾和亚马逊等提供商的主要服务侧重于满足消费者的需求,而不是满足企业的需求,而Salesforce.com、CollabNet和BEN等提供的解决方案则是专门为解决常见的企业业务问题而设计。譬如,Salesforce 提供针对客户关系管理的解决方案。

SaaS的优点

基于SaaS的解决方案本身具有某些优点,企业在决定积极采用这种解决方案之前,对此要有了解。优点包括:

■ 可重复使用;

■ 成本较低;

■ 可以更快地提供解决方案;

■ 灵活的定价模式,符合企业的发展模式;

■ 更好的支持;

■ 更好的解决方案;

■ 为企业减少所需的IT资源。

可重复使用

SaaS的最大优点之一就是“可重复使用”,这其实是SaaS其他所有优点的基础。如果你确信企业应该使用SaaS解决方案,实际上你就已决定不从事重复工作,而是单单利用现有的解决方案。至少,该解决方案实施起来速度更快、成本更低,虽然算不得最好,也会是“足够好”。

成本较低的解决方案

企业如果采用SaaS解决方案,其成本很有可能只有自行实施、部署、运行、管理及支持这类解决方案所需成本的一小部分。SaaS解决方案的一个最大优点是,它们在价格方面可以提供非常显著的规模经济。之所以如此,原因就在于大多数SaaS提供商可以非常轻松地利用其在特定行业领域“重复使用”的优点,能提供具有高度可复制的“标准化”的解决方案。最终结果是,它们通常可以将这种可重复使用的优点惠及客户,同时可以大大节省成本。

可以更快地提供解决方案

SaaS的提供商早已对企业即将采用的针对特定领域的解决方案进行了规划、设计、实施、部署及测试。这意味着企业可以使用已有解决方案,而企业要自行实施这样的解决方案需要很长时间。以大多数SaaS解决方案为例,软件已经实时运行、随时可以使用。唯一的“瓶颈”就是支付服务费和如何把这个工具与自己的业务流程联系起来。

灵活的定价模式

采用SaaS的解决方案时,企业通常会使用基于订购、可以确定的定价模式,这种模式让企业可以在需要时购买所需服务。这意味着企业可以根据发展模式购买相应软件。企业规模扩大时只要开启新的连接,用不着购置新的基础设施和资源。而一旦企业规模缩小只要关闭连接即可。这样,企业可以避免被过多的基础设施和资源所累,而传统上,即使你再也用不着它们,也不得不继续需要管理及支持。

更好的支持

使用SaaS解决方案时,企业很可能使用由专家提供、管理及支持的解决方案,他们24×7小时关注某一专门领域。从诸多方面来看,该提供商相当于企业的实时延伸部分。实际上,连接到SaaS提供商对使用者而言是一种成本非常低的方式,只要连接上,SaaS提供的资源就始终在为你服务,这相当于扩增了企业的资源。

为企业减少所需的IT资源

通常只要用浏览器就可以连接到SaaS提供商的托管平台,所以用户需要的全部基础设施就是用来运行浏览器的设备以及让该设备可以访问互联网的简易网络。这意味着企业不必提供、运行、管理及支持自己的内部基础设施。对那些规模非常小、不想自行管理IT部门这项复杂工作的企业而言,SaaS无疑是一种行之有效的方案,有助于加快实施企业的解决方案,同时尽量减少所需的IT资源。

Professional answer

C

电商日记

系互联网项目运营者、设计师、企划人、TMT爱好者,曾参与多个新锐互联网项目开发与运营。

SaaS (Software as a Service) has many advantages, such as low cost, rapid deployment, and flexible pricing, but it also has its weaknesses in auditing and regulatory compliance, as well as integration with existing enterprise solutions. Enterprises should fully understand these advantages and disadvantages when choosing SaaS.

Software as a Service (SaaS) allows users to use real-time software through the Internet. Since this software has many Web 2.0 features, it can bring users an extremely rich experience and save users' investment. It is very popular in the software market. Research companies such as Gartner and Forrester believe that SaaS is one of the fastest growing areas in the IT industry. SaaS advocates also claim that SaaS provides an alternative to traditional packaged application software for enterprises to achieve their business goals, and it is much more cost-effective than the latter. Today, many well-known suppliers, including Yahoo, Google, eBay, Amazon, Salesforce.com, etc., provide SaaS solutions. Among them, the main services of providers such as Yahoo, Google, eBay and Amazon focus on meeting the needs of consumers rather than the needs of enterprises, while the solutions provided by Salesforce.com, CollabNet and BEN are designed specifically to solve common enterprise business problems. For example, Salesforce provides solutions for customer relationship management.

Advantages of SaaS

SaaS-based solutions have certain advantages of their own, and enterprises should understand this before deciding to actively adopt such solutions. Advantages include:

■ Reusable;

■ Lower costs;

■ Faster solution delivery;

■ Flexible pricing model that conforms to the development model of the enterprise;

■ Better support;

■ Better solutions;

■ Reducing the IT resources required for the enterprise.

Reusable

One of the biggest advantages of SaaS is "reusable", which is actually the basis of all other advantages of SaaS. If you are sure that your enterprise should use SaaS solutions, you have actually decided not to repeat work, but simply use existing solutions. At the very least, the solution will be quicker and cheaper to implement, and while it may not be the best, it will be "good enough".

Lower-cost solution

If an enterprise adopts a SaaS solution, its cost is likely to be only a fraction of what it would cost to implement, deploy, run, manage and support such a solution on its own. One of the biggest advantages of SaaS solutions is that they can provide very significant economies of scale in terms of price. The reason for this is that most SaaS providers can easily take advantage of their "re-use" advantages in specific industry fields and can provide highly replicable "standardized" solutions. The end result is that they can usually benefit from this re-usability to their customers while achieving significant cost savings.

Solutions can be provided faster

SaaS providers have already planned, designed, implemented, deployed and tested the specific solutions that the enterprise is about to adopt. This means that the enterprise can use existing solutions, which would take a long time for the enterprise to implement on its own. In the case of most SaaS solutions, the software is already running in real time and ready to use. The only "bottleneck" is paying for the service fee and how to connect this tool with your own business processes.

Flexible Pricing

When using SaaS solutions, companies often use a subscription-based, deterministic pricing model that allows companies to purchase the services they need when they need them. This means that companies can purchase software based on their growth model. When the company grows, they can simply open new connections instead of purchasing new infrastructure and resources. And when the company shrinks, they can simply close the connection. In this way, companies can avoid being burdened with too much infrastructure and resources, which traditionally have to continue to be managed and supported even if you no longer need them.

Better Support

When using SaaS solutions, companies are likely to use solutions provided, managed and supported by experts who focus on a specific area 24×7. In many ways, the provider is equivalent to a real-time extension of the company. In fact, connecting to a SaaS provider is a very low-cost way for users. As long as you are connected, the resources provided by SaaS are always at your service, which is equivalent to expanding the resources of the company.

Reduces IT resources required for enterprises

Usually, you only need to use a browser to connect to the SaaS provider's hosting platform, so all the infrastructure users need is a device to run the browser and a simple network that allows the device to access the Internet. This means that enterprises do not have to provide, operate, manage and support their own internal infrastructure. For very small enterprises that do not want to manage the complexity of their own IT departments, SaaS is undoubtedly an effective solution that helps speed up the implementation of enterprise solutions while minimizing the required IT resources.

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